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非独立同分布推荐系统：推荐范式转换的综述和框架 Artical

Longbing Cao

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第2期页码 212-224 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.02.013

摘要：

虽然推荐系统在我们的生活、学习、工作和娱乐中扮演着越来越重要的角色，但是很多时候我们收到的推荐都是不相关的、重复的，或者包含不感兴趣的产品和服务。这些差的推荐系统产生的原因来源于一个本征假设：传统的理论和推荐系统认为用户和物品是独立同分布的(IID)。另一个明显的现象是，虽然投入了很多的精力模拟用户或者物品的特殊属性，但用户和物品的总体属性及它们之间的非独立同分布性(non-IID) 被忽略了。本文先讨论了推荐系统的非独立同分布性，紧接着介绍了非独立同分布性原理，目的是从耦合和异构性的角度来深入阐述传统的推荐系统的固有本质。这种非独立同分布推荐系统引起了传统推荐系统范式的转化—— 从独立同分布向非独立同分布进行转化，希望能够形成高效的、相关性高的、个人订制和可操作的推荐系统。这种系统创造了令人兴奋的能够解决包含冷启动、以稀疏数据为基础、跨域、基于群组信息和欺诈攻击等各种复杂情况的新的研究方向和解决方案。

关键词：独立同分布非独立同分布异构性关系耦合耦合学习关系学习独立同分布学习非独立同分布学习推荐系统推荐非独立同分布推荐

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A microblog recommendation algorithm based on social tagging and a temporal interest evolution model

Zhen-ming YUAN,Chi HUANG,Xiao-yan SUN,Xing-xing LI,Dong-rong XU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第7期页码 532-540 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400368

摘要： Personalized microblog recommendations face challenges of user cold-start problems and the interest evolution of topics. In this paper, we propose a collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm based on a temporal interest evolution model and social tag prediction. Three matrices are first prepared to model the relationship between users, tags, and microblogs. Then the scores of the tags for each microblog are optimized according to the interest evolution model of tags. In addition, to address the user cold-start problem, a social tag prediction algorithm based on community discovery and maximum tag voting is designed to extract candidate tags for users. Finally, the joint probability of a tag for each user is calculated by integrating the Bayes probability on the set of candidate tags, and the top microblogs with the highest joint probabilities are recommended to the user. Experiments using datasets from the microblog of Sina Weibo showed that our algorithm achieved good recall and precision in terms of both overall and temporal performances. A questionnaire survey proved user satisfaction with recommendation results when the cold-start problem occurred.

关键词： Recommender system Collaborative filtering Social tagging Interest evolution model

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针对异构隐式反馈的置信度估计方法 Article

Jing WANG, Lan-fen LIN, Heng ZHANG, Jia-qi TU, Peng-hua YU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第11期页码 1817-1827 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601468

摘要：隐式反馈是指用户通过行为间接表达用户的意见。由于其在现实世界中的易得性和丰富性，越来越受到推荐系统领域的关注。使用隐式反馈的常见做法是把隐式反馈当做正面或者负面的用户偏好，并附带不同的置信度。这类方法大多认为，与隐式反馈相关的数值（例如观看的时间）反映了置信度的大小，并且数值越大代表置信度越大。这种假设只适合只有一种隐式反馈的场景。然而在现实世界中，经常同时存在多种隐式反馈，称为异构隐式反馈。现有方法无法有效地从异构隐式反馈中推测出置信度。本文提出了一种新颖的利用异构隐式反馈预测置信度的方法，把预测的置信度应用到“基于点的”和“基于对的”矩阵分解模型中，并提出了一种更通用的方法来为“基于对的”方法选择有效的训练样本。在天猫提供的真实电商数据集上的实验表明，本文方法在多个指标上的效果均要优于现有的方法。

关键词：推荐系统；异构隐式反馈；置信度；协同过滤；电商

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基于兴趣转移模型的协同过滤算法 Article

Bin JU,Yun-tao QIAN,Min-chao YE

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第6期页码 489-500 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500313

摘要：通过用户在平台上的浏览和购物次数来预测用户未来可能购买何种物品是推荐系统的热点问题。本文首先假定用户-物品的购买矩阵和浏览矩阵中的频次数据符合泊松分布，并通过概率图模型对两个矩阵进行共享物品因子的分解。然后，提出了一个基于泊松分布先验的多任务非负矩阵分解算法。算法第一阶段，把用户-物品浏览矩阵和用户-物品购买矩阵一起分解为用户浏览兴趣因子矩阵和用户购买兴趣因子矩阵。第二阶段，基于两个兴趣因子矩阵生成所谓的兴趣转移字典。第三阶段，根据兴趣转移字典以及热门商品的筛选规则，重构下一阶段用户-物品的购买矩阵，预测未来用户可能会购买何种物品。

关键词：推荐系统；协同过滤；多任务非负矩阵分解；泊松分布先验；跨域

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System reliability and system resilience

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 615-619 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0176-y

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工程工程系统工程系统论与工程科学体系

王连成

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第6期页码 15-18

摘要：

从分析工程的基本内容、性质和特征人手，引出了工程系统的概念，接着应用一般系统论思想讨论了工程系统论的研究对象和研究方法，并论述了它在整个工程科学体系中的元学科地位。

关键词：工程系统系统论学科

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Cyber–Physical Power System (CPPS): A review on measures and optimization methods of system resilience

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 503-518 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0163-3

摘要： The Cyber–Physical Power System (CPPS) is one of the most critical infrastructure systems in a country because a stable and secure power supply is a key foundation for national and social development. In recent years, resilience has become a major topic in preventing and mitigating the risks caused by large-scale blackouts of CPPSs. Accordingly, the concept and significance of CPPS resilience are at first explained from the engineering perspective in this study. Then, a review of representative quantitative assessment measures of CPPS resilience applied in the existing literature is provided. On the basis of these assessment measures, the optimization methods of CPPS resilience are reviewed from three perspectives, which are mainly focused on the current research, namely, optimizing the recovery sequence of components, identifying and protecting critical nodes, and enhancing the coupling patterns between physical and cyber networks. The recent advances in modeling methods for cascading failures within the CPPS, which is the theoretical foundation for the resilience assessment and optimization research of CPPSs, are also presented. Lastly, the challenges and future research directions for resilience optimizing of CPPSs are discussed.

关键词： Cyber–Physical Power System resilience assessment resilience optimization cascading failure modeling

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Discussion on the System Optimization of the Energy Development Strategy and Plan

Da-di Zhou

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第2期页码 147-152 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014022

摘要： Energy is an important basis for economic and social development, and is a critical economic sector. Due to the complexity of the energy system, the interactive relationship with economic and social development, and the enormous investment involved, the optimization of the energy system is of great significance. We should make efforts to develop targets and specific approaches for the rational and optimal development of an energy system in order to avoid big losses due to systematic mistakes.

关键词： energy development strategy planning system system optimization

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Distributed monitoring and diagnosis system for hydraulic system of construction machinery

Xiaohu CHEN, Wenfeng WU, Hangong WANG, Yongtao ZHOU,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第1期页码 106-110 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0089-7

摘要： This paper mainly presents a distributed monitoring and diagnosis system for the hydraulic system of construction machinery based on the controller area net (CAN) field bus. The hardware of the distributed condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system is designed. Its structure including the sensors, distributed data acquisition units, central signal processing unit, and CAN field bus is introduced. The software is also programmed. The general software design and its realization are studied in detail. The experiments and applications indicate that the distributed condition monitoring and fault diagnosis system can effectively realize its function of real-time online condition monitoring and fault diagnosis for the hydraulic system of construction machinery.

关键词： construction machinery hydraulic system distributed condition monitoring controller area net (CAN) field bus fault diagnosis

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Theory and method of mechanism system design

Huijun ZOU, Qinghua LIANG, Qing ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第4期页码 399-411 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0116-8

摘要： Conceptual design is the most critical and creative phase of design. Recently, increasing attention has been directed to supporting conceptual-level computer aided creative design and its theories and methodologies. Specifically, for conceptual design of mechanical products, this paper presents a novel function solving model for mechanical product design and highlights the importance of systematic synthesis to achieve creative design. Then it builds a framework as a function-effect-process-action- mechanisms (FEPAM) mapping process, which enables creative design on the basis of conceiving different action schemes. After that, several key points are elaborated including 1) representing and decomposition methods of functions and motion behaviors; 2) action scheme representing method based on network plan techniques; and 3) variation and creation methods based on action scheme transformations.

关键词： mechanism system creative design process model function solving model process action procedure mechanisms knowledge base principle of mechanism system composition

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Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 184-192 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0185-y

摘要： Frequency regulation in a generation mix having large wind power penetration is a critical issue, as wind units isolate from the grid during disturbances with advanced power electronics controllers and reduce equivalent system inertia. Thus, it is important that wind turbines also contribute to system frequency control. This paper examines the dynamic contribution of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine in system frequency regulation. The modified inertial support scheme is proposed which helps the DFIG to provide the short term transient active power support to the grid during transients and arrests the fall in frequency. The frequency deviation is considered by the controller to provide the inertial control. An additional reference power output is used which helps the DFIG to release kinetic energy stored in rotating masses of the turbine. The optimal speed control parameters have been used for the DFIG to increases its participation in frequency control. The simulations carried out in a two-area interconnected power system demonstrate the contribution of the DFIG in load frequency control.

关键词： doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) load frequency control inertial control wind energy conversion system (WECS)

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Load frequency control in deregulated power system with wind integrated system using fuzzy controller

Yajvender Pal VERMA, Ashwani KUMAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 245-254 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0218-6

摘要： This paper presents the analysis of load frequency control (LFC) of a deregulated two-area hydro-thermal power system using fuzzy logic controller, with doubly fed induction generators (DFIGs) integrated into both the control areas. The deregulation of power sector has led to the formation of new companies for generation, transmission and distribution of power. The conventional two-area power system is modified to study the effects of the bilateral contracts of companies on the system dynamics. Deregulation creates highly competitive and distributed control environment, and the LFC becomes even more challenging when wind generators are also integrated into the system. The overall inertia of the system reduces, as the wind unit does not provide inertia and isolates from the grid during disturbances. The DFIGs integrated provide inertial support to the system through modified inertial control scheme, and arrests the initial fall in frequency after disturbance. The inertial control responds to frequency deviations, which takes out the kinetic energy of the wind turbine for improving the frequency response of the system. To enhance the participation of the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) in the frequency control, optimal values of the speed control parameters of the DFIG-based wind turbine have been obtained using integral square error (ISE) technique. The dynamics of the system have been obtained for a small load perturbation, and for contract violation using fuzzy controller.

关键词： frequency regulation fuzzy controller de-regulated power system doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) bilateral contract

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钱学森与系统工程

苗东升

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第3期页码 16-20

摘要：

考察了钱学森系统工程思想的孕育、发展过程，概述了他所提出的有中国特色系统工程理论的要点，分析了他如何走出系统工程、扩大视野。

关键词：钱学森系统思想系统工程系统科学

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China’s hydropower energy system toward carbon neutrality

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 677-682 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0196-2

摘要： Wind and solar powers will gradually become dominant energies toward carbon neutrality. Large-scale renewable energies, with strong stochasticity, high volatility, and unadjustable features, have great impacts on the safe operation of power system. Thus, an advanced hydropower energy system serving multiple energies is required to respond to volatility, with expanding role from a “stable energy supplier” to a “flexible efficiency regulator”. Future research and application can be considered from three aspects: 1) system expansion (e.g., the construction of large-scale hydropower/renewable energy bases in China, the construction of transnational hydropower energy internet, and the functional transformation of traditional hydropower reservoirs and generating units); 2) efficiency promotion (e.g., advanced intelligent forecasting, multi-objective operation, and risk management methods); and 3) supporting measures (e.g., market reform, benefit compensation and policy mechanism, technical standards, and laws and regulations).

关键词： hydropower system carbon neutrality artificial intelligence